An eclipsing binary is a type of star system where two stars orbit each other in such a way that, from our perspective on Earth, one star periodically passes in front of the other. This alignment causes a temporary dimming of the combined light from the system, which can be observed as a regular pattern in brightness over time. These systems are important for astronomers because they allow for the measurement of the stars' sizes, masses, and distances. By studying the light curves of eclipsing binaries, scientists can gain insights into stellar evolution and the properties of stars like main sequence stars and giant stars.