Echimyidae, commonly known as spiny rats, is a family of rodents found primarily in tropical regions of South America. These animals are characterized by their spiny fur, which provides protection from predators. They typically inhabit forests and are known for their arboreal lifestyle, often living in trees. Spiny rats are generally nocturnal and have a varied diet that includes fruits, seeds, and insects. They play a significant role in their ecosystems by aiding in seed dispersal. The family includes several genera, with notable members like Echimys and Mesomys.