Earth Leakage Circuit Breakers (ELCBs) are safety devices designed to prevent electric shocks and electrical fires. They work by detecting any leakage of current from the electrical circuit to the ground. If a fault is detected, the ELCB quickly disconnects the power supply, minimizing the risk of injury or damage. There are two main types of ELCBs: voltage earth leakage circuit breakers and current earth leakage circuit breakers. Voltage ELCBs monitor the voltage between the earth and the live wires, while current ELCBs measure the current flowing through the circuit. Both types are essential for ensuring electrical safety in homes and workplaces.