Early models refer to the initial representations or prototypes created to understand or explain complex systems, concepts, or phenomena. These models can be physical, mathematical, or conceptual, and they serve as simplified versions of reality to help researchers and scientists visualize and analyze their subjects. For example, the Bohr model of the atom was an early attempt to describe atomic structure. In various fields, early models laid the groundwork for more advanced theories and technologies. In economics, early models like the classical model helped economists understand market behaviors. Similarly, in physics, early models contributed to the development of fundamental principles that guide modern scientific inquiry.