The dura mater is the outermost layer of the three protective membranes, known as meninges, that surround the brain and spinal cord. It is a tough, durable membrane that provides a protective barrier against physical impacts and infections. The dura mater is composed of dense connective tissue, making it the strongest of the three meninges. In addition to its protective role, the dura mater also contains blood vessels and nerves. It is attached to the inner surface of the skull and extends down the spinal column, where it forms a sheath around the spinal cord. This structure helps maintain the stability and integrity of the central nervous system.