The Dukes of Brittany were the rulers of the historical region of Brittany in northwestern France. This title was established in the 9th century and lasted until the late 16th century. The dukes played a significant role in the region's politics, culture, and economy, often navigating complex relationships with the French crown. The most notable duke was Francis II, who ruled from 1450 to 1488. His reign marked the end of the independent duchy, as Brittany was eventually united with France under Anne of Brittany, his daughter. This union significantly influenced the history and identity of both Brittany and France.