The title "Duke of Austria" refers to a noble rank historically associated with the region of Austria. The title was first established in the 12th century and was held by members of the House of Habsburg, a powerful dynasty that played a significant role in European politics. The dukes governed the territory and were influential in the development of the region. In 1453, the title was elevated to that of Archduke, reflecting the increased importance of the Habsburgs in the Holy Roman Empire. The Archdukes of Austria continued to rule until the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1918, marking the end of their political power.