The Duchy of Gascony was a historical region in southwestern France, known for its rich culture and strategic importance. Established in the 11th century, it became a significant territory during the medieval period, often associated with the Plantagenet dynasty. Gascony was characterized by its diverse population and unique dialects, contributing to its distinct identity. Throughout its history, the duchy changed hands multiple times, particularly during the Hundred Years' War between England and France. It was a key area for trade and agriculture, with notable cities like Bordeaux playing vital roles in commerce. The duchy eventually became part of France in the late 15th century.