The Duchy of Baden was a historical state located in what is now southwestern Germany. Established in the early 19th century, it became a significant part of the German Confederation and later the German Empire. The duchy was known for its picturesque landscapes, including the Black Forest, and its capital was Karlsruhe. Baden was ruled by the House of Zähringen and later the House of Baden. The duchy played a vital role in the cultural and political developments of the region, contributing to advancements in education and infrastructure. It was officially dissolved in 1918 following the end of the monarchy in Germany.