Dr. Joseph McCarthy was a U.S. Senator from Wisconsin, serving from 1947 until his death in 1957. He is best known for his role in the anti-communist movement during the early years of the Cold War, particularly for his aggressive investigations into alleged communist infiltration in the government and other institutions. This period, known as McCarthyism, was marked by heightened political repression and accusations without proper evidence. McCarthy's tactics included public hearings and accusations against various individuals, leading to widespread fear and paranoia. His approach ultimately resulted in a backlash, and he was censured by the Senate in 1954 for his conduct. The term McCarthyism has since come to symbolize the dangers of political extremism and the violation of civil liberties.