A "dose" refers to a specific quantity of a medication or substance that is administered to achieve a desired effect. It can vary based on factors such as the type of drug, the condition being treated, and individual patient characteristics. Doses are often measured in units like milligrams (mg) or milliliters (mL) and are crucial for ensuring safety and effectiveness. In medical contexts, the term "dose" is commonly associated with pharmaceuticals and vaccines. Proper dosing is essential to avoid underdosing, which may lead to ineffective treatment, or overdosing, which can cause harmful side effects. Healthcare professionals carefully calculate doses to optimize patient care.