Dosage refers to the specific amount of a medication or substance that is administered to achieve the desired therapeutic effect. It is typically measured in units such as milligrams (mg) or milliliters (mL) and is determined based on factors like age, weight, and the condition being treated. Proper dosage is crucial to ensure safety and effectiveness. Healthcare professionals, such as doctors and pharmacists, often provide dosage guidelines to patients. These guidelines may include instructions on how often to take the medication and whether to take it with food or on an empty stomach. Following these instructions helps prevent potential side effects or complications.