Direct Memory Access (DMA) is a feature that allows certain hardware components to access the computer's memory directly, bypassing the central processing unit (CPU). This process enables devices like hard drives and sound cards to transfer data to and from memory without needing the CPU to manage each transfer, which improves overall system efficiency. By using DMA, the CPU can focus on other tasks while data is being transferred, leading to better performance, especially in data-intensive applications. This method is commonly used in modern computers to enhance speed and reduce latency during data operations.