Dihydropyrimidinase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the metabolism of pyrimidines, which are essential components of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. It specifically catalyzes the hydrolysis of dihydropyrimidines, converting them into simpler compounds that can be further processed or eliminated from the body. This enzymatic activity is vital for maintaining proper cellular function and preventing the accumulation of toxic metabolites. The enzyme is primarily found in the liver and is part of the pyrimidine catabolism pathway. Deficiencies in dihydropyrimidinase can lead to metabolic disorders, resulting in symptoms such as neurological issues and developmental delays. Understanding this enzyme's function is important for studying various genetic conditions and developing potential treatments.