A diatonic scale is a seven-note musical scale that consists of five whole steps and two half steps. The most common diatonic scales are the major and minor scales, which form the foundation of Western music. Each scale has a unique pattern of whole and half steps, creating distinct sounds and moods. In a diatonic scale, the notes are derived from a specific key, meaning they follow a set sequence. For example, the C major scale includes the notes C, D, E, F, G, A, and B. This structure allows musicians to create melodies and harmonies that are cohesive and pleasing to the ear.