An economic downturn, often referred to as a depression, is a significant decline in economic activity that lasts for an extended period. During this time, businesses may close, unemployment rates rise, and consumer spending decreases. People often struggle to find jobs, and many families face financial hardships, leading to a general sense of uncertainty and worry about the future. Governments and central banks typically respond to a depression by implementing measures to stimulate the economy. This can include lowering interest rates, increasing public spending, or providing financial assistance to struggling businesses and individuals. The goal is to encourage growth and restore confidence in the economy, helping communities recover from the downturn.