Demographic shifts refer to changes in the characteristics of a population over time. These changes can include variations in age, race, gender, and migration patterns. For example, an aging population may lead to a higher percentage of elderly individuals, while urbanization can result in more people moving from rural areas to cities. These shifts can impact various aspects of society, including the economy, healthcare, and education. For instance, as the population ages, there may be increased demand for healthcare services and retirement planning. Understanding these trends helps governments and organizations plan for future needs and challenges.