DeepDream is a computer vision program created by Google that uses a type of artificial intelligence called a neural network. It enhances and modifies images by recognizing patterns and features, often resulting in surreal and dream-like visuals. The program was initially designed to help improve image recognition but became popular for its artistic effects. When DeepDream processes an image, it amplifies certain features, such as shapes and colors, creating intricate and often bizarre patterns. This technique highlights the network's understanding of the image, leading to unique and visually striking results that blend reality with imagination.