Debugging techniques are methods used to identify and fix errors or bugs in software code. Common techniques include using a debugger tool, which allows developers to step through code line by line, and adding print statements to track variable values and program flow. These methods help isolate the source of the problem, making it easier to understand what went wrong. Another effective technique is code review, where developers examine each other's code to spot potential issues. Additionally, automated testing can catch bugs early by running predefined tests on the software. Together, these techniques enhance code quality and improve overall software reliability.