David Mayhew is a prominent American political scientist known for his work on the United States Congress and political behavior. He has contributed significantly to the understanding of legislative processes and the role of political parties in shaping policy. His research often emphasizes the importance of electoral incentives in influencing the actions of lawmakers. Mayhew is best known for his book, Congress: The Electoral Connection, published in 1974, which argues that members of Congress are primarily motivated by the desire to be re-elected. His theories have had a lasting impact on the study of American politics and continue to influence scholars and policymakers alike.