A database backup is a process that creates a copy of data stored in a database to protect it from loss or corruption. This backup can be used to restore the original data in case of hardware failure, accidental deletion, or cyberattacks. Regular backups are essential for maintaining data integrity and ensuring business continuity. There are various methods for performing a database backup, including full, incremental, and differential backups. A full backup copies all data, while incremental backups only save changes made since the last backup. Differential backups capture changes since the last full backup, providing a balance between speed and data safety.