Data throughput refers to the amount of data transmitted over a network or processed by a system in a given amount of time, typically measured in bits per second (bps). It indicates the efficiency and speed of data transfer, which is crucial for applications like streaming, online gaming, and large file transfers. Higher throughput means more data can be sent or received quickly, improving overall performance. Factors affecting data throughput include network bandwidth, latency, and the quality of the connection. Network devices, such as routers and switches, play a significant role in managing and optimizing throughput. Understanding data throughput helps in designing better networks and improving user experiences.