Data rate refers to the speed at which data is transmitted over a network or communication channel. It is typically measured in bits per second (bps), kilobits per second (kbps), megabits per second (Mbps), or gigabits per second (Gbps). A higher data rate indicates that more data can be sent in a given time, which is crucial for activities like streaming videos or downloading files. Factors affecting data rate include the type of connection, such as Wi-Fi, Ethernet, or fiber optics, as well as network congestion and the quality of the hardware used. Understanding data rate helps users choose the right internet plan and optimize their online experience.