Data Hiding is a programming concept used in object-oriented programming to restrict access to certain details of an object. This means that the internal state of an object is kept private, allowing only specific methods to interact with it. By doing this, developers can prevent unintended interference and misuse of the object's data. This practice enhances security and maintainability in software development. By exposing only necessary information through public methods, developers can create a clear interface for users while keeping the underlying implementation hidden. This separation helps in managing complexity and reduces the risk of errors in the code.