Data Caching is a technique used to temporarily store frequently accessed data in a faster storage medium, such as RAM or a dedicated cache. This allows applications to retrieve data more quickly than if they had to fetch it from slower storage, like a hard drive or a remote server. By reducing access times, caching improves overall system performance and responsiveness. When data is requested, the system first checks the cache. If the data is found there, it is called a cache hit, and the system can deliver it quickly. If the data is not in the cache, it is a cache miss, and the system must retrieve it from the slower storage, which takes more time.