DNA transcription is the process by which the information encoded in a segment of DNA is copied into a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). This occurs in the cell's nucleus, where the DNA unwinds and separates, allowing an enzyme called RNA polymerase to read the DNA sequence and synthesize a complementary strand of mRNA. Once the mRNA is formed, it undergoes processing, which includes adding a 5' cap and a poly-A tail for stability and protection. The processed mRNA then exits the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm, where it serves as a template for translation, the next step in protein synthesis.