DNA fingerprinting is a scientific technique used to identify individuals based on their unique genetic makeup. It analyzes specific regions of DNA that vary greatly among people, allowing scientists to create a "fingerprint" for each individual. This method is commonly used in criminal investigations, paternity testing, and genetic research. The process involves collecting a sample of DNA, often from blood, hair, or saliva. The DNA is then amplified and examined for variations in certain sequences. By comparing these patterns, researchers can determine whether two samples come from the same person or different individuals.