DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an identical copy of its DNA. This is essential for cell division, allowing each new cell to have the same genetic information. The process begins when the DNA double helix unwinds and separates into two strands, creating a "replication fork." Next, special enzymes called DNA polymerases add new nucleotide building blocks to each strand, following the base-pairing rules. This means that adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine. As a result, two identical DNA molecules are formed, each containing one original strand and one new strand, ensuring genetic continuity.