Distributed Energy Resources (DER) refer to small-scale energy generation or storage systems that are located close to where the energy is used. Examples of DER include solar panels, wind turbines, and battery storage systems. These resources can operate independently or in conjunction with the larger electricity grid, providing flexibility and resilience to energy supply. DER plays a crucial role in modern energy systems by promoting renewable energy use and reducing reliance on traditional fossil fuels. By integrating smart grids and energy management systems, DER can enhance energy efficiency and support the transition to a more sustainable energy future.