Cytokine signaling is a crucial communication process in the immune system. Cytokines are small proteins released by cells that help regulate immune responses, inflammation, and cell growth. When a cytokine binds to its specific receptor on a target cell, it triggers a series of events inside the cell, leading to changes in gene expression and cell behavior. This signaling helps coordinate the body's response to infections and injuries. The effects of cytokine signaling can be wide-ranging, influencing various cells like T cells, B cells, and macrophages. Dysregulation of this signaling can lead to diseases, including autoimmune disorders and chronic inflammation. Understanding cytokine signaling is essential for developing therapies that target these pathways to treat such conditions.