Cuprates are a class of high-temperature superconductors made primarily of copper and oxygen. They exhibit remarkable electrical conductivity without resistance when cooled below a certain temperature. This unique property makes them valuable for various applications in electronics and energy transmission. The structure of cuprates typically includes layers of copper oxide, which play a crucial role in their superconducting behavior. Researchers study cuprates to understand the mechanisms behind superconductivity, as they challenge traditional theories and offer insights into quantum physics and material science.