Culture techniques refer to methods used to grow and maintain cells, tissues, or microorganisms in controlled environments. These techniques are essential in fields like microbiology, cell biology, and tissue engineering. They allow researchers to study biological processes, test drug effects, and produce vaccines. Common culture techniques include agar plate methods for isolating bacteria, cell culture for growing animal or plant cells, and fermentation for producing substances like alcohol or antibiotics. Each technique requires specific conditions, such as temperature, pH, and nutrient availability, to ensure optimal growth and viability of the cultured organisms.