CuSO4·2H2O, commonly known as copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate, is a blue crystalline solid that consists of copper, sulfur, and oxygen, along with water molecules. It is often used in agriculture as a fungicide and herbicide, as well as in various chemical processes. The compound is soluble in water, forming a blue solution that is frequently used in laboratories. This compound is also known for its role in educational demonstrations, such as the classic "blue vitriol" experiment, where it undergoes hydration and dehydration. Additionally, it is utilized in the production of pigments and in electroplating processes, showcasing its versatility in both industrial and educational applications.