Cryogenic techniques involve the use of extremely low temperatures to preserve materials, biological samples, or even gases. These methods are essential in various fields, including medicine, where they are used for storing stem cells and organs for transplantation. The process typically requires cooling substances to below -150 degrees Celsius, often using liquid nitrogen or helium. In addition to preservation, cryogenic techniques are also applied in superconductivity research, where materials exhibit zero electrical resistance at low temperatures. This has significant implications for electronics and energy transmission. Overall, cryogenic methods play a crucial role in advancing technology and scientific research.