"Criteria for Demarcation" refers to the principles used to distinguish between scientific theories and non-scientific claims. These criteria help determine whether a theory can be tested, falsified, and subjected to empirical observation, which are essential characteristics of scientific inquiry. One widely discussed criterion is the falsifiability principle, proposed by philosopher Karl Popper. According to this principle, a theory must be able to make predictions that can be proven false through experimentation or observation. Other criteria include consistency, explanatory power, and the ability to generate new hypotheses, all of which contribute to the classification of a theory as scientific.