Cranial nerve injury refers to damage to one or more of the twelve pairs of cranial nerves that emerge directly from the brain. These nerves are responsible for various functions, including sensation, movement, and autonomic control of the head and neck. Injuries can result from trauma, infections, tumors, or neurological disorders, leading to symptoms such as weakness, numbness, or loss of function in affected areas. Diagnosis typically involves a thorough clinical examination and imaging studies to identify the cause and extent of the injury. Treatment may include physical therapy, medications, or surgery, depending on the severity and underlying cause of the cranial nerve injury. Early intervention can improve recovery outcomes.