A covalent compound is a type of chemical compound formed when two or more atoms share electrons. This sharing allows each atom to achieve a more stable electron configuration, often resembling that of the noble gases. Common examples of covalent compounds include water (H₂O) and carbon dioxide (CO₂), where the atoms are held together by covalent bonds. Covalent compounds can be found in various states of matter, including gases, liquids, and solids. They typically have lower melting and boiling points compared to ionic compounds, which are formed through the transfer of electrons. The properties of covalent compounds can vary widely, depending on the types of atoms involved and their arrangement.