The County of Hainaut was a historical region in what is now modern-day Belgium and parts of France. Established in the 9th century, it became a significant political and economic center during the Middle Ages. The county was known for its rich agricultural land and strategic location, which facilitated trade and cultural exchange. Hainaut was ruled by various noble families, including the House of Habsburg and the House of Valois. The county played a crucial role in the development of the Low Countries and was involved in various conflicts, including the Hundred Years' War. Today, Hainaut is a province in Belgium, reflecting its historical significance.