Countess Maria Theresa of Austria was a prominent figure in the 18th century, known for her role as the only female ruler of the Habsburg dominions. Born on May 13, 1717, she became the Archduchess of Austria and later the Holy Roman Empress. Her reign was marked by significant reforms in administration, military, and education, which helped modernize her territories. Maria Theresa was married to Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, and they had 16 children, including Marie Antoinette, who became Queen of France. Her leadership style combined diplomacy and military strategy, allowing her to maintain her empire during challenging times, including the War of Austrian Succession.