Coturnix coturnix, commonly known as the common quail, is a small bird species belonging to the pheasant family. It is native to Europe, Asia, and North Africa, and is known for its distinctive brown and buff plumage, which provides excellent camouflage in its natural habitat. These birds are ground-dwelling and prefer open fields, grasslands, and agricultural areas. Common quails are migratory and often travel in flocks. They are known for their melodious calls, especially during the breeding season. Coturnix coturnix primarily feeds on seeds, grains, and insects, making them an important part of the ecosystem as both prey and seed dispersers.