The corpus cavernosum is a pair of sponge-like erectile tissues located along the length of the penis and the clitoris. These tissues play a crucial role in sexual arousal and function by filling with blood during stimulation, leading to an erection in males and increased sensitivity in females. Each corpus cavernosum is surrounded by a tough fibrous sheath called the tunica albuginea. When blood flows into the corpus cavernosum, it expands and compresses the surrounding veins, preventing blood from flowing out. This process is essential for maintaining an erection and is influenced by various factors, including hormonal and neurological signals.