Cornelius Vanderbilt was an American business magnate born on May 27, 1794. He started his career in the shipping industry, operating ferries and later expanding into steamships. By the mid-19th century, he became one of the wealthiest men in the United States through his successful ventures in transportation. Later, Vanderbilt shifted his focus to railroads, investing heavily in several major lines, including the New York Central Railroad. His efforts helped to revolutionize the railroad industry, making it more efficient and accessible. He passed away on January 4, 1877, leaving a significant legacy in American business and transportation.