Coral bleaching occurs when coral polyps, which are tiny animals living in coral reefs, expel the zooxanthellae algae that provide them with color and essential nutrients. This process often happens due to stress factors like rising water temperatures, pollution, or changes in salinity. Without the algae, corals lose their vibrant colors and turn white, indicating a state of distress. If the stressful conditions persist, bleached corals can become weak and more susceptible to disease, leading to their eventual death. Healthy coral reefs are vital ecosystems that support diverse marine life, making coral bleaching a significant environmental concern.