Cool pavement refers to a type of surface material designed to reflect more sunlight and absorb less heat than traditional asphalt. This technology helps lower surface temperatures, reducing the urban heat island effect, which occurs when cities become significantly warmer than surrounding areas due to human activities and infrastructure. By using materials like light-colored concrete or special coatings, cool pavements can help keep streets and sidewalks cooler, improving comfort for pedestrians and reducing the need for air conditioning in nearby buildings. This can lead to energy savings and a decrease in greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to a more sustainable urban environment.