Continuous data refers to numerical values that can take on an infinite number of possibilities within a given range. This type of data can be measured and is often represented on a scale. Examples include measurements like height, weight, temperature, and time, where values can vary smoothly without distinct gaps. In contrast to discrete data, which consists of distinct and separate values, continuous data allows for fractions and decimals. For instance, the height of a person can be 170.5 cm, illustrating that it can be measured with great precision. Continuous data is essential in fields like statistics and science for accurate analysis and modeling.