Conservation laws are fundamental principles in physics that state certain quantities remain constant in isolated systems. For example, the law of conservation of energy tells us that energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change forms, like when potential energy transforms into kinetic energy during a falling object’s descent. This means the total energy in a closed system stays the same. Another important conservation law is the conservation of momentum, which states that the total momentum of a system remains unchanged if no external forces act on it. This principle helps explain various phenomena, such as collisions between cars or billiard balls, where the momentum before and after the event remains constant.