Sir Arthur Conan Doyle was a British writer and physician, best known for creating the iconic detective Sherlock Holmes. Born on May 22, 1859, in Edinburgh, Scotland, he studied medicine and later became a doctor. His fascination with crime and deduction led him to write stories that captivated readers around the world. Conan Doyle published four novels and 56 short stories featuring Holmes and his friend Dr. John Watson. His works have had a lasting impact on the detective genre, inspiring countless adaptations in film, television, and literature. He also wrote historical novels and contributed to the field of spiritualism.