A computer performs several essential functions that enable it to process information. These functions include input, processing, output, and storage. During the input phase, data is entered into the computer using devices like keyboards and mouses. The computer then processes this data using its CPU (Central Processing Unit), which performs calculations and logical operations. After processing, the computer produces output, which can be displayed on a monitor or printed on paper. Finally, the computer stores data for future use, utilizing hard drives or solid-state drives. This cycle of input, processing, output, and storage is fundamental to how computers operate.