Compression techniques are methods used to reduce the size of data files, making them easier to store and transmit. These techniques can be categorized into two main types: lossless and lossy compression. Lossless compression, such as ZIP or PNG, allows the original data to be perfectly reconstructed, while lossy compression, like JPEG or MP3, sacrifices some data quality for greater size reduction. These techniques are widely used in various applications, including file storage, image processing, and streaming media. By minimizing file sizes, compression techniques help save bandwidth and improve loading times, enhancing user experience across digital platforms.