Complex rhythms are intricate patterns of sound that go beyond simple beats. They often involve varying lengths of notes and unexpected accents, creating a rich tapestry of music. Musicians like Steve Reich and Terry Riley explore these rhythms, using techniques such as layering and repetition to build depth and interest. In many cultures, complex rhythms are essential to traditional music. For example, African drumming features polyrhythms, where multiple rhythms are played simultaneously, creating a vibrant and dynamic sound. These rhythms not only enhance the music but also connect people through dance and celebration, showcasing the power of rhythm in human expression.